Nelson Mandela ; Breaking News

Nelson Mandela who was a politician in South Africa died on December in 2013. At that time he was ninety five years old. Mandela was born in Kunu village as Dende tribe in 1918. He was a child of the village mayor. His full name is Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. When he was a college student, he entered Africa National Congress (ANC). He tackled an anti-apartheid campaign. Apartheid is a policy which discriminates black people in South Africa. It contains many kinds of discrimination. At that time, franchise belong to only white people. As for employment, wages of industrial white workers were six times higher than those of black workers, especially wages of mining industrial white workers were twenty one times higher than those of white workers. Many black people were forced to live in very poor huts. If black people entered to white people's residence or white people entered to black people's residence, they were punished severely. Black people and white people went to separate schools. Funds for education of white people per person were about ten times higher than those of black people and there was no compulsory education for black people. Moreover many kinds of things were separated, for example bath rooms, buses, restraints, trains, hotels, movie theaters, parks and so on. Hospitals of white people had satisfactory facilities, but those of black people were very poor. Of course they were punished severely if they came to love with each other.




 

Nelson Mandela



apartheid



Nelson Mandela organized Umkhonto we Sizwe ("Spear of the Nation", abbreviated MK) and became the first conductor in 1961. But he was arrested because of its organization activity in 1962 and imprisoned for Ruben Island in 1964. He lived in the prison for twenty seven years. Finally he was free from the prison in 1990 and became an Africa National Congress ( ANC ) chairman in 1991 and he tried to abolish aapartheid zealously with Frederik Willem Deklerk who was the president in South Africa at that time. Nelson Mandela awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 because he contributed to end apartheid policy peacefully and make the new democratic basis in South Africa. He ran for the first election that all races can take part in and became the first black president in South Africa in 1994. He worked as the eighth president for five years and retired in 1999.　Now South Africa is one of the multinational countries in the world.